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Astragalus Root Extract: The main active ingredient, often standardized to a certain % of polysaccharides (which support immunity).

Vegetable Capsule (or Gelatin): The outer shell—usually made from cellulose for plant-based supplements.

Rice Flour or Microcrystalline Cellulose: Used as a filler or flow agent to help fill the capsule evenly.

Magnesium Stearate or Silicon Dioxide: Common additives that help with capsule consistency and production.

Sometimes Added Herbs: Some blends include other adaptogens like ginseng, ashwagandha, or licorice root.

Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol): Usually sourced from lanolin (sheep’s wool) or lichen (vegan-friendly).

Vitamin K2 (MK-7 form): Often derived from natto (fermented soy) or synthetic fermentation processes.

Carrier Oil: Commonly MCT oil, olive oil, or sunflower oil to help absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.

Capsule or Softgel Shell: Made from gelatin or plant-based cellulose (for vegetarians/vegans).

Additives (optional):

• Glycerin, water, or beeswax (in softgels)

• No fillers or preservatives in cleaner, higher-quality brands

Boswellia Serrata Extract: An anti-inflammatory herb, often standardized to 65% boswellic acids, which help reduce joint pain and stiffness.

Curcumin (from Turmeric Root Extract): The active compound in turmeric, known for its strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Black Pepper Extract (BioPerine): Often added to enhance absorption of curcumin, which is otherwise poorly absorbed by the body.

Capsule Shell: Typically made of vegetable cellulose or gelatin.

Other Additives (Optional):

• Magnesium stearate, silicon dioxide, or rice flour as flow agents or fillers

• Ginger, MSM, or hyaluronic acid in joint-support blends

Maca Root Powder or Extract: The main ingredient, often from yellow, red, or black maca—each type may support different functions (e.g. energy, mood, libido).

Vegetable Capsule: Usually made from cellulose or pullulan for plant-based options.

Optional Added Ingredients:

• Black Pepper Extract (BioPerine) – to enhance absorption

• Ginseng, ashwagandha, or tribulus in energy or hormone support blends

Fillers or Flow Agents (depending on the brand):

• Rice flour, magnesium stearate, or silicon dioxide

Magnesium Citrate: The main active ingredient. Magnesium in this form is bound to citric acid, which helps with better absorption by the body.

Capsule/Tablet Shell:

• Gelatin or vegetable cellulose (for plant-based capsules).

• Sometimes coating materials like hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in tablets.

Fillers & Flow Agents (depending on the brand):

• Microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, or silicon dioxide to maintain texture and consistency.

Optional Additives:

• Vitamin D or Vitamin B6 may be included in some formulations to enhance magnesium absorption.

• Natural or artificial flavorings (in chewable or gummy forms).

Fish Oil or Algae Oil:

• Rich in EPA and DHA, the two most important omega-3 fatty acids

• Algae oil is used in vegan/vegetarian versions

Gelatin Capsule Shell:

• Usually made from gelatin (fish or bovine), or vegetable cellulose for plant-based options

Antioxidants (to prevent oxidation and spoilage):

• Vitamin E (mixed tocopherols)

• Rosemary extract (in some natural brands)

Carrier Oils or Stabilizers (optional):

• Glycerin, purified water, or lecithin to maintain texture and stability

Enteric Coating (in some versions):

• Helps prevent fishy burps by allowing the capsule to dissolve in the intestines instead of the stomach